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Land holdings became hereditary rather than based on an agreement between two parties. From here, it spread to Scotland and Ireland.Īlthough feudalism began as a bond between the king and vassal, over time, this also changed. Sometime around 1066 AD, feudalism made its way to England with the Norman invasion. This idea soon spread throughout other areas of Europe, including Spain, Germany, Italy, and Slavic lands. Around this time, however, the Kings decided to keep ownership of the land and grant only its use. Previously, land grants had been permanent with full ownership. The practice of feudalism in Europe is believed to have begun around the 8th century AD in the Frankish kingdom. Lords and Barons are also referred to as vassals. They paid taxes to the lord in exchange for land holding. Some of the peasants had businesses like metalwork or bakeries. The lords provided plots of land to the peasant class for farming and producing food. These manors were central to life in the countryside and provided a place for both celebrations and protection for the villagers. They also ran manors, large houses or castles, on their lands. The lords were knights and owed military service to the barons in the event of war. The Barons maintained armies and further divided their land among lords. These large tracts of land were known as fiefs. In exchange for this land, the barons promised loyalty and soldiers to the king. Feudalism was practiced throughout every social class level.įor example, the king held the highest social class and divided all of the nation’s lands among several barons. Under this system, people were granted land in return for certain services. Feudalism was a socio-political and economic structure used during the Middle Ages in Western Europe.
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